"Carmel, California"
For other places with similar names, see Carmel.
Carmel Location in Monterey County and the state of California Location in Monterey County and the state of California Carmel-by-the-Sea, California is positioned in the US Carmel-by-the-Sea, California - Carmel-by-the-Sea, California Carmel-by-the-Sea, often simply called Carmel, is a town/city in Monterey County, California, United States, established in 1902 and incorporated on October 31, 1916.
Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is known for its natural scenery and rich creative history.
In 1906, the San Francisco Call devoted a full page to the "artists, writers and poets at Carmel-by-the-Sea", and in 1910 it reported that 60 percent of Carmel's homes were assembled by people who were "devoting their lives to work connected to the beautiful arts." Early City Councils were dominated by artists, and the town/city has had a several mayors who were poets or actors, including Herbert Heron, founder of the Forest Theater, bohemian writer and actor Perry Newberry, and actor-director Clint Eastwood.
Carmel is also known for a several unusual laws, including a prohibition on wearing high-heel shoes without a permit, enacted to prevent lawsuits arising from tripping accidents caused by irregular pavement. Communities close-by Carmel-by-the-Sea include Carmel Valley and Carmel Highlands.
8.1 Carmel Pine Cone Most scholars believe that the Esselen-speaking citizens were the first Native Americans to inhabit the region of Carmel, but the Ohlone citizens pushed them south into the mountain peaks of Big Sur around the 6th century. Early mission settlement after relocation to Carmel as depicted by John Sykes in 1794 Another sixty years passed before another Spanish explorer and Carmelite friar Sebastian Vizcaino identified for Spain what is now known as Carmel Valley in 1602, which he titled for his patron saint, Our Lady of Mount Carmel. The colony of Monterey was established at the same time as the second mission in Alta California and soon became the capital of California, remaining so until 1849. From the late 18th through the early 19th century most of the Ohlone populace died out from European diseases (against which they had no immunity), as well as overwork and malnutrition at the missions where the Spanish forced them to live.
When Mexico attained independence from Spain in 1821 Carmel became Mexican territory. The Mission at Carmel, c.
The Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was established on June 3, 1770 in the close-by settlement of Monterey, but was relocated to Carmel by Junipero Serra due to the interaction between soldiers stationed at the close-by Presidio and the native Indians. In December 1771, the transfer was complete as the new stockade of approximately 130x200 became the new Mission Carmel.
In 1784, Serra, after one last tour of all the California missions, died and was buried at his request at the Mission in the Sanctuary of the San Carlos Church, next to Crespi who had passed the previous year.
The Mission at Carmel has significance beyond the history of Serra, who is sometimes called the "Father of California".
A welder, John Martin, acquired lands encircling the Carmel mission in 1833, which he titled Mission Ranch.
Carmel became part of the United States in 1848, when Mexico ceded California as a result of the Mexican-American War. Known as "Rancho Las Manzanitas", the region that was to turn into Carmel-by-the-Sea was purchased by French businessman Honore Escolle in the 1850s. Escolle was well known and prosperous in the City of Monterey, owning the first commercial bakery, pottery kiln, and brickworks in Central California.
In 1888, Escolle and Santiago Duckworth, a young developer from Monterey with dreams of establishing a Catholic retreat near the Carmel Mission, filed a subdivision map with the County Recorder of Monterey County.
The name "Carmel" was earlier applied to another place on the north bank of the Carmel River 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of the present-day Carmel. A postal service called Carmel opened in 1889, closed in 1890, re-opened in 1893, moved in 1902, and closed for good in 1903. Abbie Jane Hunter, founder of the San Francisco-based Women's Real Estate Investment Company, first used the name "Carmel-by-the-Sea" on a promotional postcard. In 1902 James Frank Devendorf and Frank Powers, on behalf of the Carmel Development Company, filed a new subdivision map of the core village that became Carmel.
The Carmel postal service opened the same year. In 1910, the Carnegie Institution established the Coastal Laboratory, and a number of scientists moved to the area.
Carmel incorporated in 1916. In 1905, the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club was formed to support and produce creative works.
After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake the village was inundated with musicians, writers, painters and other artists turning to the establishing artist colony after the bay town/city was destroyed.
Visual artists of Carmel in the early twentieth century encompassed Anne Bremer, Ferdinand Burgdorff, E.
The Arts and Crafts Club held exhibitions, lectures, dances, and produced plays and recitals at various locations in Carmel, including the Pine Inn Hotel, the Old Bath House on Ocean Ave, the Forest Theater, and a small building in the downtown region donated by the Carmel Development Company.
Twelfth Night was again presented in 1940 at Heron's inaugural Carmel Shakespeare Festival, and was repeated in 1942 and 1956. Carmel-by-the-Sea was incorporated in the year 1916 and as early as 1925 the town adopted a clear vision of its future as "primarily, essentially and dominantly a residentiary community" (Carmel-by-the-Sea City Council, 1929).
Planning has persistently recognized the importance of preserving the character of these primary sociocultural and enhance facilities: Sunset Community and Cultural Center, Golden Bough Playhouse, Forest Theater, Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo, Tor House and Hawk Tower, Harrison Memorial Library, and City Hall.
Carmel Pinnacles State Marine Reserve, Carmel Bay State Marine Conservation Area, Point Lobos State Marine Reserve and Point Lobos State Marine Conservation Area are marine protected areas in the waters around Carmel.
Carmel-by-the-Sea experiences a cool summer Mediterranean climate (Koppen climate classification Csb) normal in coastal areas of California.
The 2010 United States Enumeration reported that Carmel-by-the-Sea had a populace of 3,722.
2,198 citizens (59.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,524 citizens (40.9%) lived in rental housing units.
Major employers in Carmel-by-the-Sea include the La Playa Carmel hotel, Carmel Realty, and the restaurants Forge in the Forest, Il Fornaio, Portabella, and Casanova. In 1907 the town's first cultural center and theatre, the Carmel Arts and Crafts Clubhouse, was built.
By 1913, The Arts and Crafts Club had begun organizing lessons for aspiring painters, actors & craftsmen. Some of the most prominent painters in the United States offered instruction for beginners and advanced students, including William Merritt Chase, Xavier Martinez, Mary De - Neale Morgan, C.
It was Sloan and his wife who organized Carmel's first global film festival. This new facility was retitled various times including the Abalone Theatre, the Filmarte, the Carmel Playhouse and, finally, the Studio Theatre of the Golden Bough.
The facilities were rebuilt as a two-theatre complex; the theater opened in 1952 as the Golden Bough Playhouse. A photo of the fire from 1949 was still on file 60 years later at the rebuilt theatre illustrating the loss to the city's culture and history.
Probably no other women's club in the nation has accomplished a more remarkable success in the way of dramatic ventures than has The Carmel Club of Arts & Crafts". " Numerous groups including the Carmel Arts & Crafts Club, Forest Theater Society (1910) and the Western Drama Society (1911) presented plays and pageants.
After a several years, the site re-opened as The Carmel Shakespeare Festival, with Herbert Heron as its director and, with the exception of the World War II years of 1943 44, the festival continued through the 1940s.
Theatrical activities in the town interval to such a proportion that between 1922 and 1924, two competing indoor theatres were assembled the Arts & Crafts Hall and the Theatre of the Golden Bough, designed and assembled by Edward G.
Kuster was a musician and lawyer from Los Angeles who relocated to Carmel to establish his own theatre and school.
In 1931, the Carmel Sunset School constructed a new auditorium, complete with Gothic-inspired architecture, with seating for 700.
Often doubling as a performing arts venue for the community, the facility was bought by the City of Carmel-by-the-Sea in 1964, renaming the venue the Sunset Theatre.
In 2003, following a $22 million renovation, the building re-opened with the 66th annual Carmel Bach Festival, hosting such famous artists as Lyle Lovett, k.d.lang, Wynston Marsalis, and the Vienna Boys' Choir. In 1984, Pacific Repertory Theatre initiated productions on the outside Forest Theater stage, reactivating Herbert Heron's Carmel Shake-speare Festival in 1990 which, in 1994, period to include productions at the Golden Bough Playhouse. Pacific Repertory Theatre (Pac - Rep), a county-wide theatre company, is the only experienced (Equity) business in Carmel and the Monterey Peninsula. One of the eight primary arts establishments in Monterey County, it was established in 1982 by Carmel resident Stephen Moorer as the Grove - Mont Theatre.
Its name was changed to Pacific Repertory Theatre in 1994 when the business acquired the Golden Bough Playhouse, a two-theatre complex housing both the Golden Bough and the Circle Theatres.
Pac - Rep presents a year-round season of 10 12 plays and musicals in three Carmel theatres: The 330-seat Golden Bough Theatre, the 120-seat Circle Theatre and the 540-seat outside Forest Theater.
In 1905, poet George Sterling came to Carmel and helped to establish the town's literary base.
He was associated with Mary Austin, as well as Jack London, who also spent considerable time in the Carmel and Monterey area.
He is often credited with making Carmel world-famous.
His aunt Missus Havens purchased a home for him in Carmel Pines where he lived for six years.
Austin joined the Carmel arts colony in 1905.
Stoddard and photographer Arnold Genthe, known for his documentary shots of the San Francisco fire that followed the great earthquake, after which Genthe followed Sterling to Carmel to make his residence.
Among the many contributors to the lore of Mary Austin and Robinson Jeffers was the Carmel landscape photographer Morley Baer, whose photographs, presented in two books, complemented their writings. Over the next decade, on a windswept, barren promontory, using granite boulders gathered from the rocky shore of Carmel Bay, Jeffers assembled Tor House as a home and refuge for himself and his family.
Carmel Point, then, was a treeless headland, almost devoid of buildings.
Early color photograph by Arnold Genthe, famous photographer, while a member of the Bohemian Colony of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, in the early 1900s.
In 1906, San Francisco photographer Arnold Genthe joined the Carmel arts colony, where he was able to pursue his pioneering work in color photography.
Of his new residence, he wrote, ""My first trials with this medium were made at Carmel where the cypresses and rocks of Point Lobos, the always varying sunsets and the intriguing shadows of the sand dunes offered a rich field for color experiments."" According to the Library of Congress, where over 18,000 of his negatives and prints are on file, Genthe "became famous for his impressionistic portrayals of society women, artists, dancers, and theater personalities." Renowned photographer Edward Weston moved to Carmel in 1929 and shot the first of various nature photographs, many set at Point Lobos, on the south side of Carmel Bay.
In 1948, after the onset of Parkinson's disease, he took his last photograph, an image of Point Lobos. Weston had traveled extensively with legendary photographer Ansel Adams, who moved to the Carmel Highlands in 1962, a several miles south of town. Gray Gables, at Lincoln and Seventh was the place of birth of the Carmel Art Association, established by artists Josephine Culbertson and Jennie V.
This small group supported art, primarily through the auspices of the Carmel Arts & Crafts Club until 1927, when a meeting took place, and the group propel Pedro Joseph de Lemos as president and committed to building an exhibition loggia to display their works.
Rothe, the Mezzotint painter, lived for a time in Carmel and assembled two studios there in 1979. The Carmel Bach Festival began in 1935 as a three-day festival of concerts, expanding to 3 weeks until the 2009 Season which, due to economic concerns, was reduced to 2 weeks. The Festival is a celebration of music and ideas inspired by the historical and ongoing influence of J.S.
For nearly 80 the Festival has brought the music of the Baroque and beyond to communities of the Monterey Peninsula and to music lovers from both the United States and abroad.
Composed of nationally and internationally famous performing artists, the Festival orchestra and chorale, along with a small-town chorus, perform in a range of venues inside Carmel including the Sunset Cultural Center and the Carmel Mission Basilica, and other venues throughout the Monterey Peninsula.
It was established in December 1946 in the Carmel home of its first president Grace Howden. It is presently led by Spanish conductor Max Bragado Darman who joined the orchestra in 2004.
Carmel is a general law city, governed by a mayor and four town/city council members. The current mayor is Steve Dallas. Elected councilmembers are Carrie Theis, Bobby Richards and Jan Reimers.
Typical fairytale cottage-style Carmel architecture The City of Carmel-by-the-Sea has established a "sphere of influence" that includes the communities of Carmel Woods, Hatton Fields, Mission Fields, Mission Tract, Carmel Point and Carmel Hills.
With the exception of a several planned shopping areas at the mouth of Carmel Valley, these areas contain several, if any, ongoing businesses, and serve primarily as bedroom communities to Carmel-by-the-Sea and the greater Monterey Peninsula. Dogs must be leashed, except on Carmel City Beach, where they are allowed unleashed if they are under voice command from their owners.
On the Monterey County Board of Supervisors, Carmel is represented by Supervisor Dave Potter. In the California State Assembly, Carmel is in the 29th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Mark Stone. In the California State Senate, Carmel in the 17th Senate District, represented by Democrat Bill Monning. In the United States House of Representatives, Carmel is in California's 20th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jimmy Panetta. Carmel is served by the Carmel Unified School District which operates close-by schools including Carmel High School, Carmel Middle School, Tularcitos Elementary School and Carmel River School.
Carmel Pine Cone The Carmel Pine Cone is the town's weekly journal and has been presented since 1915, covering small-town news, politics, arts, entertainment, opinions and real estate.
The journal also has a section called The Police Log that contains almost every report of a crime in the Carmel area, often read with a quaint twist of humor by readers since the contents of the log are fairly innocuous.
In 2005, after failing to convince town/city officials to rezone a potential site for the Pine Cone's operation, he moved the paper's manufacturing offices to Pacific Grove, while maintaining a reduced news staff in downtown Carmel.
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Carmel-By-The-Sea Monica Hudson 2006 "The romantic name, Carmel-by-the-Sea, was t of a group of women real estate developers, later used in advertising lots for "brain workers at indoor employment." Carmel:: A History in Architecture Page 27 Kent Seavey 2007 "By 1892, Abbie Jane Hunter, founder of the San Francisco based Women's Real Estate Investment Company, had joined forces with the Duckworth interests and had a large improve bathhouse constructed on Carmel's beach." Kathleen Thompson Hill, Gerald Hill Monterey and Carmel 1999 "Joining forces with Duckworth to promote Carmel, Mrs.
Harold Gilliam, Ann Gilliam Creating Carmel: the enduring vision 1992 "Apparently it was Mrs.
Klein, The Carmel Monterey Peninsula Art Colony: A History, accessed at https://tfaoi.com/aa/5aa/5aa300.htm a b Harold and Ann Gilliam, Creating Carmel, The Enduring Vision, Peregrine Smith Books, 1992 a b c "When the Carmel 'Bohemians' met The Ladies of The Arts & Crafts Club" (PDF).
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Harold and Ann Gilliam, Creating Carmel, The Enduring Vision, pg 89 90, Peregrine Smith Books, 1992 Carmel Bach Festival.
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"Clint Eastwood has found a home in Carmel area".
"Pauline Schindler and The Carmelite: Two Meteors in Carmel's Orbit," Carmel Residents Association Newsletter (November-December 2010).
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"1990 San Bernardino Spirit Best #25 - Kerry Woodson".
Helen Spangenberg, Yesterday's Artists on the Monterey Peninsula, presented by the Monterey Peninsula Museum of Art (1976) John Ryan, Kay Ransom et al., City of Carmel-by-the-Sea General Plan prepared for the town of Carmel-by-the-Sea, Clint Eastwood, Mayor, by Earth Metrics Inc., San Mateo, Ca.
Kay Ransom et al., Environmental Impact Report for the Carmel-by-the-Sea General Plan, Prepared for the town of Carmel-by-the-Sea by Earth Metrics Inc., Burlingame, Ca.
Marjory Lloyd, History of Carmel (1542 1966), 1966 Seismic Safety Element of the General Plans of Carmel, Del Rey Oaks, Monterey, Pacific Grove and Seaside, William Spangle & Associates, September 29, 1975 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carmel, California.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Carmel, California.
Carmel Chamber of Commerce Municipalities and communities of Monterey County, California, United States
Categories:
Carmel-by-the-Sea, California - Cities in Monterey County, California - Populated coastal places in California - Populated places established in 1902 - 1902 establishments in California - Incorporated metros/cities and suburbs in California
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